Saturday, October 27, 2007

Pacifism must be a choice.

Today, we will have another anti-war rally here in San Francisco. Tens of thousands of smug people-- way to pleased with themselves-- will high-handedly lecture us from the vaunted position of their unassailable moral authority. Forget for a moment that these events are nothing more than emotional masturbation, a group gestalt and self-congratulatory nonesense. Forget the fact that none of these protests would be possible without the system that so many of the protestors hate. Forget the reality that many of these protests do, in fact, turn violence and are generally permeated with a strong sense of beliigerence. Forget all of these things and you still have the one fundamental point that makes most pacifism rationalization masquerading as morality.

What do I mean by that? Not too long ago, I had a conversation with a lady roughly my age about the war in Iraq. She asked my opinion and to her credit, was genuinely open to hearing what I had to say. But before I could say anything, she said, "You should know, I'm a pacifist." An inocuous enough statement but what caught me was her sense of the moral superiority of her statement. I didn't choose to make an issue of it then but it reemphasized to me what I teach to all my students.

For pacifism to be a moral choice, you have to be able to do the opposite. In other words, if you have no capacity for violence, your pacifism is more statement of fact than it is a matter of morality. Such a statement typifies slave-morality. This swiftly degenerates into cowardice which becomes the foundation of appeasement. For a person who cannot fight, appeasement is the only option regardless of its morality.

What about someone like Gandhi then? Surely his pacifism is a moral one? I don't think so. He chose his tactic very carefully-- against an enemy who had lost his stomach to do the dirty work of counterinsurgency. Had he tried this in Darfur, he would not have been so successful I think. Nor was he able to mount an armed insurrection. He chose the only tactic he had and he was right solely because he had measured his opponent accurately. He was a great strategist but his actions have nothing to do with morality.

Violence is simply not less moral than non-violence. If you can stand aside and promote peace while others around you are being oppressed than your non-violence is of the immoral sort and I have no use for it. For those who truly are pacifists-- people who are capable of violence but walk away from it on ethical grounds-- I have nothing but respect for. But I have met very few such men. None in fact. This type of thinking allows us to confuse happy circumstance with morality. Many of us who fancy ourselves pacifist are lonly allowed to do so because of security provided by other men. Such morality is not moral. It's is the rantings of a spoiled teenager.

10 Comments:

Blogger actual said...

As the subtitle of my blog states, "Strength allows peace to be a choice". I will never understand how peace-loving pacifists always fail to understand this point.

It is the ultimate in moral action and authority to walk away from a fight when you know it is the right thing to do even though you have the ability to engage and win.

To me, this is the raison d'etre of martial training.

6:57 PM

 
Blogger actual said...

This comment has been removed by the author.

6:57 PM

 
Blogger Kahuna6 said...

As you know, I agree wholeheartedly with the subtitle of your blog. However, I think what we are each saying is different in a very subtle way.

I think that you are saying that being strong allows a person to enjoy the condition of peace. If he isnot strong, another person could easily disrupt this positon. In your usage, it sould like strength is a defensive measure-- there to protect a condition of peace.

What I'm saying is a little different. I don't believe out of hand that peace is necessarily the more moral positon or that rightfully walking away from a fight is the ultimate of moral action. If peacefullness was naturally the most moral positon, then the weakest among us would be the most moral by necessity because they had no capacity with violence. That directly contradicts your premise above, which I believe is correct. No, the word morality itself implies a choice and unless you have the ability to make that choice, you are in no position to be considered moral. De facto pacifism, based entirely on weakness is a poor linguistic attempt to mask that weakness.

Bringing it back to the arts, i would like to say that I never started training because I wanted to be moral. I think we differ there, my friend. You are always more aware of such thing-- much more than me. But through trainging, morality became of possibility. Sometimes, I am moral. Sometimes I am not. But it's a real choice now.

1:17 AM

 
Blogger actual said...

I certainly do not believe that peace is the ultimate moral choice. Quite the contrary. Sometimes morality demands violence, and if necessary killing, to manifest right action and outcome, a condition with which I have no problem. The ultimate moral indicator is the intent of the individual doing the killing within the scope of generally accepted morality, not fanaticism.

After our first discussion on the subject, I know you clearly understand my position despite its obvious, and sometimes ungraspable, subtley to the layman and, unfortunately, to some modern warriors.

I certainly do not mean that strength is a defensive measure in the pacifist sense. What I mean to say is exactly what you are saying: a valid pacifistic defense can only be achieved, and ultimately defensible, through havine the OPTION of peace to exercise at one's discretion. And the only way to achieve peace as an option is to have the strength not choose violence if so desired, a position I believe with which you would agree.

Thoughts?

4:22 AM

 
Blogger Kahuna6 said...

If morality is solely a matter of intent, then it is personal. But it cannot be personal because it far more than saying to yourself that you are "right." Morality must imply some standard- decided by some governing authority to to all men in all situations in any jurisdiction, or it means nothing. Morality cannot be situational or it is meaningless. That's what makes it different than law which is situational and jurisdictiional.

The condition of peace, while pleasant, is not necessarily moral. I can maintain peace by ruthless totalitarian means. That's hardly moral. Here is the danger of confusing 'pleasant' with 'moral' a mistake my ex-girlfriend used to regularly make. Point being: here are the conditions of interaction between 2 parties.
1. Both sides weak and cannot fight.
2. Both sides strong and chose not to fight.
3. One sidestrong and subjugates the weak.
4. One side strong and chooses to live in peace.
5. Both sides strong and chose to fight.

Of these five situations, there's only one where you can make a definitve call on morality and that's number 4. All other situations could be dictated by circumstance and self-interest though not necessarily so.

Point being, certain conditions have to be satisfied before you can say that you are engaging in moral action. Otherwise you're just saying it and that doesn't mean all that much. I'm not saying that moral action could not possibly exist in those other situations. I'm just aying you could not in any way be certain. And to me, morality implies a fair degree of certainty.

4:46 AM

 
Blogger actual said...

Law is as close to universal morality as we can come in a culture. Otherwise you end up with a similar argument to Socrates' argument for the definition of justice in Book 1 of The Republic. An argument with justifications that fit the narrative, not that clearly define, in no uncertain terms, the actuality of it all.

There is no universal morality, so not even intent can be the judge of an action's morality. Is the "intent" when killing to receive pleasure? That most of us can agree, is immoral. Or is the "intent" to save the life of one's child? That, most of us can agree, is a moral action. But we can never be sure others would agree.

You say morality "...must imply some standard- decided by some governing authority to all men in all situations in any jurisdiction". Ok...tell me the standard that applies to all situations in any jurisdictions. The UN? The US Supreme Court? The ICC? UBL's fatwas?

I agree that peace is not necessarily moral. I gave examples as such. But valid arguments can be made for the moral validity for 1,2,4, and 5 in your example. You say a definative call on moral action can be made only on number 4. How is that when compared to the morality of 1,2 and 5, and, even in some cases, 4? Say the weak is a neo-Nazi organization looking to over-throw the USGOV.

You say "...certain conditions have to be satisfied before you can say that you are engaging in moral action". OK...what are those conditions and what is "...a fair degree of certainty..."? I say this certainty cannot be defined in a plualistic sense.

My moral compass is simple: do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Even that is flawed if you consider the variety of those who could propose it.

Great discussion...let's keep it going.

3:46 AM

 
Blogger Kahuna6 said...

I will address your latest comments in order.

First I will address your statement that law is as close as we come to universal morality in a culture. By "law", I assume you the "The Law." However, I would have to disagree. Law in a society has more to do with order than morality. In fact, I think these days, most of our laws have very little to do with anything moral. Most of the laws that send people to jail are regulatory issues. Very few concern the issues that affect all men.

The Socratic argument doesn't work for me either because morality is more than justification or rationalization. A person can believe he's doing the moral thing while his actions are in fact immoral. Who's to say? Well, time is usually a good judge of that. Something that may seem moral now may very well be obviously immoral in the future. Take slavery for instance. I don't believe slavery was ever moral but I do not blame men that lived 2000 years ago for practicing it. If not immoral, they were certainly amoral.

We differ significantly here in that I believe that there is universal morality. Call it cosmic law or the Tao or whatever-- I think it affects all men equally and it is our job to discover it. I know you and I know that your literal mind rejects this out of hand. If that is the case, we'll just have to agree to disagree. But I don't think it's absurd to believe that such a law exists. Gravity affected men equally around the world long before we even understood its existence. The physical laws are such because they do not pick and choose who they apply to. I don't necessarily believe that morality was man-made so I believe that it is indeed universal.

I think I was also influenced by the martial arts. I have studied about 2 dozen martial arts and achieved a high level of proficiency in more than half of them. Amazingly, the better I got at each art, the more they felt the same. They looked different. They each had their own peculiar way but the feeling of an applied technique at the highest levels was always the same. That is why the masters of any martial art always agree on everything and their students agree on nothing.

Before this degenerates into a God debate, I'll just state for the record that I believe in God but in a Spinozan God rather than a Augustine God. I say this also in direct response to your statement regarding governing authority. One of the seductive qualities of Islam is its idea that a man should submit to no one but Allah. We all know what self-serving bastards than man can be. No man mande authority can have universal jurisdiction. But Allah? There's something people can unite under. Were it true, things would be a lot easier. Though sound this is in concept, it is corrupt because it is obviously a work of man. But the desire to have universality still exists. Christianity dealt with this by saying that one should render unto Caesar that which is Caesar's and render unto God that which is God's. Right there you have a splt that has created modern secularism. But that doesn't mean there isn't some kind of universal morality. It's just up to us to discover it. It's like martial arts. The form you learn in whatever art you are studying is just to give you a roadmap to acquire that feeling. I think Uyeshiba Sensei called it "Takemusu Aiki." You can get there by any number of arts but it all feels the same. The form (whichever you choose) is just the vehicle. Like spokes heading towards a central hub... I've gotten glimpses of this hub. I've experienced it when others had it and I've known the brief moments when I was allowed to access it. I know its there and I believe that morality is a similar thing. Do I have any proof of this? No, but no proof exists that I am wrong. It's a strong hunch let's just say.

You misunderstand what I am saying about the conditions. Of course, you could make an moral argument for points 1,2,3 and 5. But they are pointless. I'm not speaking in nuanced terms here. I'm simplifying to make a point. Think of it in terms of basic logic. You know, the whole If A is B and B is C then A is C stuff.

Okay In each of the point I mention above, the possibility of immoral motivations could exist in each of those. I look at it like a contaminant. An action is not moral if it's 51 percent moral. If it even has 1% immorality, then it is immoral-- it's contaminated. In points 1,2,3 or 5, the possibility of contamination exists. In point 4, it doesn't. By strong, of course, I mean strong in a way that could never exist. I don't mean relatively. I mean stronger in the absolute sense. I believe that it is necessary to look at things this way to understand them-- especially when they are complex and particularly nuanced. That was one of Aristotle's key lessons.

I don't know what you're trying to say with the Neo-Nazi example.

Perhaps this is too rigid a standard. Under these rules, maybe morality can never be achieved and then why try? I don't know. Like I said, I'm exploring this and I think discovering this Tao is the duty of an ethical man. I know that this leads to terrible consequences. If this is indeed true-- that the Tao must be studied and discovered individually, then most of humanity is doomed never to discover it because they lack the intellectual horsepower for the search. But the struggle and the search is what matters I think, not the "rule" itself.

Think of it this way. How easy it is to teach someone the knee strike? Pretty easy, right? If I gave you an hour, you could easily do it. Could that person, after an hour use that knee as well as you can after your training. Could you distill the lessons of 6 hard weeks into 1 hour? Impossible. What I did with the training at Marine Warrior was to set a framework where each man could discover for himself how to use that weapon. Traditional MA pedagogy says, 'If this happens, you do this." But that's not the most efficienct way to learn because it's giving you the answers you need to discover for yourself. You learn the end form with no attributes underneath to make it reality. The attributes come from the struggle and the training and the discovery. All a good teacher can do is take away as much extraneous teaching as possible and give his students a chance to practice the real stuff and grow and find the answers themselves. Does that make sense?

4:54 AM

 
Blogger actual said...

A few quick response:

-The effect, not the cause, of law is order. Law is instituted in an effort to create order and is derived from mores and morals.

-There is a difference between criminal law and civil law. Criminal law certainly is designed to effect all men, from the ICC to the Geneva Conventions to our country's statutes.

-Despite what you might think, I firmly agree with you regarding the cosmic or natural moraL law. If there is one thing I am sure of, it is that a cosmic moral law exists. We may not understand it or see it in action, but it is there. It is something you can feel and the more you search for it, the better you can feel it. Though it is applicable to all, not everyone recognizes it nor do they follow it. Like Hitchens talks about, God and religion is man-made (something with which I completely agree) and all man-made things ultimately fall short or fail when put up against the natural law.

-"But that doesn't mean there isn't some kind of universal morality. It's just up to us to discover it. It's like martial arts. The form you learn in whatever art you are studying is just to give you a roadmap to acquire that feeling. I think Uyeshiba Sensei called it 'Takemusu Aiki.'" --- With this, I completely agree.

-I was using the Neo-Nazi example to show how #3 could actually be a moral act.

-"But the struggle and the search is what matters I think, not the "rule" itself."---Completely agree.

Like I said in my Chasing Ghosts post: "To live a truly fulfilling life, I have learned one must enjoy this process of striving for perfection. The end result of an action or activity is relatively insignificant to the amount of effort it takes to attain it. It just simply makes more sense to glean satisfaction from the act of striving for the perfect result than to allow oneself to be disappointed by the perpetual failure to attain it."

8:44 PM

 
Blogger Kahuna6 said...

This is why I made the point to separate law from "The Law." The "Law" of the USA may have come on ideas based on morality but now have to do with order more than anything. Order is more than the effect. It is the very reason the law exists. Your distinction between civil and criminal law doesn't apply here. You can still be thrown in Jail for not paying the IRS. That's a regulatory issue made into a criminal one. It's criminal because you'll end up in jail if convicted. It's the malum prohibitum/malum in se argument. Regulatory issues are all malum prohibitum but they are still criminal. That's a different thing from civil law but at no point did I mention or am I talking about civil law.

No, your Nazi example still doesn't track. We don't subjugate people who profess Nazi beliefs. It's only when those beliefs become criminal actions do our law enforcement agencies act. The dangerous thing about this line of reasoning is that has been used to justify all manner of atrocity. We're good, they're bad. We're strong, they're weak. The Founding Father were concerned about this and wrote about it in Federalist 10. Our government is designed to prevent tyranny of the majority because the strong doesn't mean good.

I know you know that but you're again missing my point. Just because you can find a situation where the other would be moral doesn't make them moral. As long as I can find a possiblity of immorality in that circumstance then I have to assume immorality given the history of man.

I'm beginning to think tht an action can only be considered moral if no space exists for it to be immoral. Or how do we know? How do we know we are not lying to ourselves? We can't know so we have to take it out of our hands.

9:49 PM

 
Blogger actual said...

If you take "subjugate" literally, then, yes, the example fails. But, in general, the law requires subjugation to it or consequences designed to be unpleasant will ensue. So the law is legislated morality even in the regulatory arena. It is designed to promote the greater good within the confines of that society's moral framework. We are a Judeo-Christian culture and our laws, in general, reflect Judeo-Christian morality.

The Neo-Nazi example was designed to explain this from your post:

"I'm beginning to think tht an action can only be considered moral if no space exists for it to be immoral."

That is exactly right...and it goes back to Plato and the notion of the Forms. Ideals that lie outside of our reach because we are human. Morality for humans will never be absolute. Attempts to make it so do nothing but cause bloodshed (ie. the Crusades, the Inquisition, etc.). The secular morality expoused by Hitchens lacks moral authority to most as most do not have the intellectual capacity to understand and apply secular morals and this is where Hitchens' argument stumbles.

If we recognize it, we can strive for the natural moral law, but it is not something that we can understand completely even if realized and/or attained. You have had glimpses of it as have I. But to this day I could not explain its characteristics much less prove its existence.

2:01 AM

 

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